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Nonprofit & Education Β· Guide

Nonprofit & Education Employee Engagement Statistics (2026)

A citable, regularly-refreshed library of engagement, turnover, and recognition statistics across nonprofits, K-12, higher ed and volunteers β€” every figure with a live primary source.

12 min read 25 cited sources

This page is a sourced reference for operators, researchers, and writers who need citable numbers on employee engagement, turnover, and recognition in the nonprofit and education sector. Every figure traces to a named primary source with a live URL. Independent primary anchors β€” BLS, NCES, RAND, AAUP, CUPA-HR, Learning Policy Institute, Independent Sector, and AmeriCorps/Census β€” lead each section. Where a vendor-reported or attribution-flagged figure appears, it is labeled and paired with an independent anchor.

31% engaged

US K-12 teacher engagement β€” 56% not engaged, 13% actively disengaged (Gallup, 2012–14 collection β€” dated; always state the year)

Gallup, State of America's Schools (Six Things the Most Engaged Schools Do Differently)

31% engaged (US, 2024); 23% (global)

All-industry US employee engagement in 2024 β€” a 10-year low; the 23% is global, not US-specific (cross-sector benchmark, not sector-specific)

Gallup, State of the Global Workplace 2024; Gallup U.S. Employee Engagement

sense of belonging, feeling valued, and being engaged are the strongest predictors of retention

Higher-ed retention predictors β€” belonging and engagement outrank compensation as predictors of who stays (CUPA-HR, 2025, n=3,791)

CUPA-HR, 2025 Higher Education Employee Retention Survey

~19%

Nonprofit sector voluntary turnover rate (2022) β€” historically 16% (2014), dipped to 14% (2020), returned toward 19%

Nonprofit HR, Employment Practices Survey series

nearly 75% reported vacancies; 74% in program/service-delivery roles

Nonprofits reporting persistent job vacancies β€” concentrated in program and service-delivery roles (National Council of Nonprofits, 2023)

National Council of Nonprofits, 2023 Nonprofit Workforce Survey (via Johnson Center)

33% to 200% of annual salary

Cost to replace a nonprofit employee β€” cross-industry proxy, not a nonprofit-specific study; range is role-dependent

Mission Edge / Nonprofit HR, 2025

95% concern about burnout; 34% 'very much' concerned; 76% say it impacts mission

Nonprofit leader concern about staff burnout and mission impact (Center for Effective Philanthropy, 2024, n=239 leaders)

Center for Effective Philanthropy, State of Nonprofits 2024: What Funders Need to Know

67%

Nonprofit employees looking for new jobs or planning to within a year (fall 2024) β€” down from 74.2% in fall 2023; top stay-driver was flexibility

Social Impact Staff Retention (SISR) project, via Candid, 2024

1 in 5

Nonprofit workers living in households experiencing financial hardship; 22% fell below the ALICE threshold for basic necessities (2022)

Independent Sector & United for ALICE, Health of the U.S. Nonprofit Sector, 2025

8% leavers + 8% movers (16% total)

Public school teacher turnover (2020-21 to 2021-22) β€” 84% stayers; 8% left the profession; 8% moved to a different school (NCES, 2023)

NCES, Teacher Follow-Up Survey to the NTPS, released Dec 13, 2023

about 1 in 7

Public school teachers who move schools or leave the profession each year β€” higher than the 1990s rate and than leading international education systems (LPI, 2026)

Learning Policy Institute, Teacher Turnover in the United States, 2026

$11,860–$24,930 per departure

Cost of one teacher exit in 2024 dollars β€” $11,860 (small districts <10k students), $16,450 (medium), $24,930 (large >50k)

Learning Policy Institute, 2024 Update: What's the Cost of Teacher Turnover?

more than 400,000 unfilled or uncertified (~1 in 8)

Teacher positions nationally that are unfilled or filled by teachers not fully certified for their assignments

Learning Policy Institute, Addressing Teacher Shortages

53% burnout (2025)

Share of teachers reporting burnout in 2025, down from 60% in 2024; teachers remain ~2x more likely than other working adults to report frequent job-related stress (RAND, 2025)

RAND, State of the American Teacher 2025

5.6–9.4% SD lower math scores (100% turnover grade levels)

Student achievement impact of 100% teacher turnover β€” 5.6–9.4% of a standard deviation lower in math; 5.0–8.5% lower in ELA vs. no-turnover grade levels (800k+ student observations)

Ronfeldt, Loeb & Wyckoff, How Teacher Turnover Harms Student Achievement (CALDER / AERJ)

14%

Higher-ed overall voluntary turnover (faculty + staff combined, 2023-24) β€” down from 16% high (2022-23); above pre-pandemic ~12% (CUPA-HR, 2024)

CUPA-HR, Higher Ed Workforce Turnover, May 2024

22% (part-time non-exempt); 7% (tenure-track)

Higher-ed turnover by category β€” part-time non-exempt staff 22% (highest); tenure-track faculty 7% (lowest); non-tenure-track 11% (CUPA-HR, 2024)

CUPA-HR, Higher Ed Workforce Turnover, May 2024

nearly 1 in 4

Higher-ed employees likely to look for other employment in the coming year β€” compensation is the top stated reason (CUPA-HR, 2025, n=3,791)

CUPA-HR, 2025 Higher Education Employee Retention Survey

real salaries -0.4% (fall 2024–fall 2025)

Real faculty salary change β€” nominal +2.3% but real wages fell ~0.4% after 2.7% CPI; cumulative 7.5% pandemic-era decline not yet recovered (AAUP, 2025-26)

AAUP, Preliminary 2025-26 Faculty Compensation Survey

68.2% contingent (fall 2023)

Share of US faculty who are part-time or contingent (ineligible for tenure, fall 2023); per-course pay $3,200–$6,320 in 2024-25 (AAUP, 2024-25)

AAUP, Annual Report on the Economic Status of the Profession 2024-25

$36.14 per hour (2025)

Economic value of one volunteer hour in 2025 β€” a 3.9% increase from $34.79 in 2024 (Independent Sector/Do Good Institute, April 2026)

Independent Sector & Do Good Institute (University of Maryland), released April 21, 2026

75.7 million (28.3%) formally volunteered

US formal volunteering participation, Sept 2022–Sept 2023 β€” 4.99 billion hours; $167.2 billion economic value; the largest recorded expansion of formal volunteering

AmeriCorps & U.S. Census Bureau, Volunteering and Civic Life in America, Nov 19, 2024

75% say volunteers are important; 23% entirely dependent

Nonprofits' reliance on volunteers β€” 75% say volunteers are important to operations; 23% are entirely dependent on them (Urban Institute/IS, 2026)

Urban Institute (2025 research), cited via Independent Sector, 2026

12.8 million jobs (9.9% of private-sector employment)

US nonprofit employment in 2022 β€” third-largest US workforce by industry (BLS, 2024)

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, The Economics Daily, 2024

45% less likely to turn over (well-recognized)

Recognition's effect on retention β€” well-recognized employees 45% less likely to have turned over after two years (VENDOR-REPORTED: Gallup/Workhuman, 2024, n=3,447; Workhuman is a recognition platform)

Gallup & Workhuman, The Human-Centered Workplace, 2024 (VENDOR-REPORTED)

01

Engagement levels across the sector

The most-cited teacher engagement figure comes from Gallup's State of America's Schools, based on 2012–14 data collection: 31% of US teachers were engaged; 56% not engaged; 13% actively disengaged (Gallup). That figure predates significant structural changes in the profession and must always be cited with the collection year. For cross-sector context, US all-industry employee engagement stood at 31% in 2024 β€” a 10-year low β€” while the global engagement rate was 23% (Gallup, State of the Global Workplace 2024). The 23% is explicitly a global figure; it is not a US benchmark and should never be labeled as one.

For higher education, no single current national faculty-engagement percentage from an independent primary source exists at a citable level. What CUPA-HR's 2025 retention model (n=3,791) does establish is that sense of belonging, feeling valued, and being engaged are the strongest predictors of who stays in higher ed β€” outranking compensation as retention predictors (CUPA-HR, 2025). Confidence in leadership ethics and values ranked as the second-strongest predictor, a jump from seventh place two years prior.

Sourcing note: No newer federal or independent national faculty-engagement index exists at a single citable percentage. Use the Gallup 2012–14 teacher figures only with the collection year stated, and pair with the 2024 US all-industry benchmark for context. Do not extrapolate the teacher figure to nonprofit or higher-ed populations.

02

Nonprofit turnover, vacancies, and burnout

The most-cited sector benchmark: ~19% voluntary turnover for US nonprofits in 2022, up from 14% in 2020 and 16% in 2014 (Nonprofit HR Employment Practices Survey series). Nearly 75% of nonprofits reported persistent vacancies, with 74% concentrated in program and service-delivery roles (National Council of Nonprofits, 2023 Nonprofit Workforce Survey). These are the frontline case managers, advocates, and field workers who carry the mission.

Replacement cost is estimated at 33% to 200% of annual salary β€” flagged as a cross-industry proxy applied to nonprofits, not a sector-specific study (Mission Edge / Nonprofit HR, 2025). The range is role-dependent: frontline replacement runs lower, senior leadership higher. Burnout is pervasive. The Center for Effective Philanthropy's 2024 survey (n=239 leaders) found 95% of nonprofit leaders concerned about staff burnout, with 34% calling it a 'very much' concern, and 76% reporting burnout is at least slightly impacting mission achievement. Separately, 67% of nonprofit employees said they were looking for new jobs or planned to within a year (fall 2024, SISR/Candid) β€” down from 74.2% a year earlier, but well above all-industry averages. The top stay-driver in that survey was flexibility, ranked above mission alignment.

1 in 5 nonprofit workers lives in a household experiencing financial hardship; 22% fell below the ALICE threshold for basic necessities in 2022 (Independent Sector/United for ALICE, 2025). Low compensation is not a peripheral issue β€” it is the structural driver behind much of this burnout and intent-to-leave data. Recognition programs and engagement software cannot fix sub-living wages or unmanageable caseloads. Name the structural fix first.

03

K-12 teacher turnover and its cost

NCES's Teacher Follow-Up Survey (released December 2023) found that in 2021-22, 8% of public school teachers left the profession and 8% moved to a different school β€” 16% total turnover, with 84% remaining at the same school (NCES, 2023). The Learning Policy Institute (2026) frames this as about 1 in 7 public school teachers moving schools or leaving each year β€” a higher rate than in the 1990s and in leading international education systems.

The cost is concrete. LPI's 2024 update converts departures into 2024 dollars: $11,860 per departure in small districts (under 10,000 students), $16,450 in medium districts, and $24,930 in large districts (LPI, 2024). Beyond dollars, peer-reviewed research (Ronfeldt, Loeb & Wyckoff, CALDER) found that students in grade levels with 100% turnover scored 5.6–9.4% of a standard deviation lower in math and 5.0–8.5% lower in ELA compared to no-turnover grade levels β€” from a dataset of more than 800,000 student observations.

Shortage compounds the turnover problem: more than 400,000 teacher positions are currently unfilled or filled by teachers not fully certified for their assignments β€” roughly 1 in 8 nationally (LPI). On wellbeing, RAND's State of the American Teacher 2025 found teacher burnout fell to 53% in 2025 from 60% in 2024, but teachers remain roughly twice as likely as similar working adults to report frequent job-related stress. These figures are K-12 specific β€” do not apply them to nonprofit staff or university faculty.

04

Higher-ed turnover and pay

CUPA-HR's May 2024 report found 14% overall voluntary turnover (faculty and staff combined) in 2023-24, down from a 16% high in 2022-23, but still above pre-pandemic levels of ~12% (CUPA-HR, 2024). Turnover is uneven by category: part-time non-exempt staff churn at 22% β€” the highest category β€” while tenure-track faculty turn over at 7% and non-tenure-track faculty at 11% (CUPA-HR, 2024). CUPA-HR's job-function breakdowns (IT, student affairs, facilities) are behind a paywall and are not reproduced here.

Nearly 1 in 4 higher-ed employees is likely to look for other employment in the coming year; compensation is the top stated reason (CUPA-HR, 2025 Retention Survey, n=3,791). The pay reality: AAUP's preliminary 2025-26 Faculty Compensation Survey found nominal salaries rose 2.3%, but real wages fell ~0.4% after adjusting for a 2.7% CPI increase β€” extending a cumulative 7.5% real decline from the pandemic period that has not been recovered (AAUP, 2025-26).

68.2% of US faculty are part-time or contingent β€” ineligible for tenure as of fall 2023 β€” with per-course-section pay ranging from $3,200 to $6,320 in 2024-25 (AAUP, 2024-25). Only 32.7% of institutions contributed to adjunct retirement plans. Despite compensation being the top stated reason for job-hunting, CUPA-HR's retention model identifies belonging, feeling valued, and engagement as the strongest actual predictors of who stays. Address pay compression and contingent pay equity structurally; invest in belonging and supervisor support as the most tractable levers on constrained budgets.

05

Volunteer engagement and retention

75.7 million Americans (28.3%) formally volunteered through an organization between September 2022 and September 2023, contributing 4.99 billion hours with a combined economic value of $167.2 billion (AmeriCorps/Census, 2024 β€” the largest recorded expansion of formal volunteering, a 5.1 percentage-point increase). The economic value of a single volunteer hour reached $36.14 in 2025, a 3.9% increase from $34.79 in 2024 (Independent Sector/Do Good Institute, April 2026). Additionally, 13.4 million Americans engaged in virtual or hybrid volunteering, averaging 95 hours each (AmeriCorps/Census, 2024 β€” the first-ever federal measure of virtual volunteering).

Volunteers are structurally critical: 75% of nonprofits say volunteers are important to operations; 23% are entirely dependent on them (Urban Institute/Independent Sector, 2026). The widely-cited volunteer retention benchmark β€” roughly 1 in 3 do not return year over year, implying a ~65% return rate β€” is attributed to CNCS/AmeriCorps in sector literature but no published federal dataset establishing it was locatable. Treat this as an industry benchmark, not a verified federal statistic, and always include that caveat.

Because there is no paycheck anchoring volunteers, motive-match and individualized recognition serve as the primary retention mechanism. AmeriCorps' evidence review finds volunteers who perceive feedback and appreciation from their organizations are more likely to continue volunteering. Ask volunteers how they want to be recognized β€” individualized, motive-matched recognition is what distinguishes volunteer engagement from paid-staff engagement.

06

Workforce scale and economic weight

Nonprofits employ 12.8 million people β€” 9.9% of US private-sector employment β€” making the sector the third-largest industry by employment in the US (BLS, 2024 data on 2022 employment). Nonprofits contribute approximately 5.3% of GDP as of Q4 2024 (Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond/BEA, 2025) and paid more than $870 billion in wages in 2022 (Independent Sector/BLS).

K-12 public schools employed 6,795,470 total FTE staff in fall 2022, of whom 3,228,895 (47.5%) were teachers β€” meaning non-teaching support staff (instructional aides, custodial, food-service, transportation) make up more than half the K-12 workforce (NCES, Digest of Education Statistics 2023, Table 213.10; note: FTE, not headcount). Higher-ed total headcount was approximately 4.0 million in fall 2019 (NCES IPEDS) β€” the most recent verifiable total-employee figure in a published NCES Digest table; more recent provisional IPEDS data exists but has not been consolidated into a citable Digest table. Do not extrapolate the 2019 figure forward.

Documented data gaps β€” never fabricate to fill these: (1) No current national first-5-years teacher attrition rate; the NCES experience-band mobility data is the closest proxy. (2) No consistent national K-12 support-staff turnover rate. (3) CUPA-HR job-function turnover detail is paywalled. (4) No consolidated national L&D/recognition/professional-development spend figure for these sectors. (5) Post-2019 higher-ed total all-employee headcount is not in a published NCES Digest table. K-12 workforce figures are FTE; higher-ed total is headcount β€” do not sum or compare across these bases.

07

Recognition, engagement, and the cost of inaction

The most-cited recognition-retention link is vendor-reported: well-recognized employees are 45% less likely to have turned over after two years β€” from a Gallup/Workhuman longitudinal study (n=3,447; Gallup/Workhuman, 2024). Workhuman is a recognition platform; this figure is co-produced with a commercial interest and should always be attributed as VENDOR-REPORTED. The same study found that only 22% of employees say they receive the right amount of recognition. A cross-industry cost-of-inaction framework (Gallup, 2024) places replacement cost at roughly 200% of salary for leaders/managers, 80% for technical roles, and 40% for frontline workers β€” an all-industry proxy, not sector-specific.

For Gallup's global engagement-and-productivity findings: low engagement costs an estimated $8.9 trillion globally β€” approximately 9% of global GDP (State of the Global Workplace 2024). That is a global figure, not a US figure; label it accordingly. Disengaged teachers miss an estimated 2.3 million more workdays per year than engaged teachers (Gallup, 2013–14 collection β€” dated; state the collection year). That absenteeism figure is from an older Gallup analysis and should not be presented without the period.

The structural limits of recognition: These figures establish that specific, frequent recognition correlates with lower turnover. They do not establish that recognition programs fix sub-living wages, unmanageable caseloads, understaffing, or budget shortfalls β€” the conditions driving most of the turnover and burnout data in this library. Burnout persists even when engagement programs are running. The structural fix comes first; recognition is the multiplier, not the foundation. On this page Actify is the action layer β€” activity-first engagement, specific peer and manager recognition, and a light monthly pulse β€” applied after the data surfaces a gap, not in place of structural reform.

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